revamp UI/UX with dark design system and modern layoutv2

Replace Bootstrap color utilities and legacy layout patterns with a
cohesive dark-mode design system. Key changes:

- CSS: full rewrite using custom property tokens (--bg, --surface,
  --accent, --text-muted, etc.), Inter font, glassmorphism modals
  (backdrop-filter + semi-transparent backgrounds), and a fixed
  pill-bar metric selector centered at the bottom of the viewport
- Navbar: unified nav-icon-btn style for all icon buttons, removed
  the gradient-toggle collapse button, settings dropdown aligned end
- Metric bar: promoted from Bootstrap collapse to always-visible
  fixed pill bar; metric-btn replaces btn; active-metric pre-applied
  to match default currentMetric
- Modals: removed inline bg overrides, h4 → h5, custom close buttons
  (nav-icon-btn + SVG), btn-modal-primary / btn-modal-ghost / ref-btn
  replace Bootstrap color variants
- Dropped Font Awesome dependency (all icons are inline SVGs)

2 files changed, 484 insertions, 173 deletions

diff --git a/assets/css/app.css b/assets/css/app.css
index af5e95c..d5b2f84 100644
--- a/assets/css/app.css
+++ b/assets/css/app.css
@@ -1,145 +1,442 @@
-html {
+@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600&display=swap');
+
+/* ── Design tokens ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+:root {
+	--bg:          #0d0d14;
+	--surface:     #13131e;
+	--surface-2:   #1c1c2a;
+	--surface-3:   #252535;
+	--border:      rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
+	--border-2:    rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
+	--accent:      #24ab48;
+	--accent-dim:  rgba(36, 171, 72, 0.14);
+	--accent-glow: rgba(36, 171, 72, 0.25);
+	--text:        #e2e2ef;
+	--text-muted:  #5e5e78;
+	--text-soft:   #9898b0;
+	--danger:      #ef4444;
+	--danger-dim:  rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.12);
+	--nav-h:       52px;
+	--radius-sm:   6px;
+	--radius:      10px;
+	--radius-lg:   14px;
+	--radius-pill: 100px;
+	--shadow-sm:   0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
+	--shadow:      0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
+	--shadow-lg:   0 24px 64px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
+}
+
+/* ── Reset ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
+
+html, body {
 	height: 100%;
 	margin: 0;
+	background: var(--bg);
+	color: var(--text);
+	font-family: 'Inter', system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
+	font-size: 14px;
+	line-height: 1.5;
+	-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+	-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
 }
 
-body {
-	background: #161616;
+a { text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
+
+/* Bootstrap resets we override */
+.btn { border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important; }
+.modal-content { border-radius: var(--radius-lg) !important; }
+
+/* ── Navbar ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.navbar {
+	height: var(--nav-h);
+	min-height: var(--nav-h);
+	padding: 0 20px;
+	background: rgba(13, 13, 20, 0.9);
+	backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
+	-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+	position: sticky;
+	top: 0;
+	z-index: 1000;
+	margin-bottom: 0;
 }
 
-a,
-.fa-question-circle {
-	text-decoration: none;
+.navbar-brand {
+	font-size: 14px;
+	font-weight: 600;
+	letter-spacing: 0.02em;
+	color: var(--text) !important;
+	opacity: 0.9;
 }
 
-.btn,
-.nav-link,
-.dropdown-menu,
-.dropdown-item,
-.modal-content {
-	border-radius: 0;
+.navbar-nav {
+	gap: 4px;
+	align-items: center;
 }
 
-.navbar {
-	background: #161616;
-	margin-bottom: 0;
+/* ── Navbar icon buttons ─────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.nav-icon-btn {
+	width: 36px;
+	height: 36px;
+	padding: 0;
+	display: flex;
+	align-items: center;
+	justify-content: center;
+	background: transparent;
+	border: 1px solid transparent;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	color: var(--text-muted);
+	transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
+	cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.nav-icon-btn svg path { fill: currentColor; }
+.navbar path { fill: currentColor; }
+
+.nav-icon-btn:hover {
+	background: var(--surface-2);
+	border-color: var(--border);
+	color: var(--text);
+}
+
+.nav-icon-btn:focus-visible {
+	outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
+	outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+/* ── Dropdown ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.dropdown-menu {
+	background: var(--surface) !important;
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2) !important;
+	border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
+	padding: 6px !important;
+	box-shadow: var(--shadow) !important;
+	min-width: 160px;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item {
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	padding: 9px 12px !important;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	color: var(--text-soft) !important;
+	transition: background 0.12s, color 0.12s;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item:hover, .dropdown-item:focus {
+	background: var(--surface-2) !important;
+	color: var(--text) !important;
 }
 
-.modal-title path,
-.navbar path {
-	fill: white;
+/* ── Navbar toggler (mobile) ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.navbar-toggler {
+	border: 1px solid var(--border) !important;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	padding: 6px 10px;
 }
 
-#settings-icon {
-	fill: black;
+.navbar-toggler-icon {
+	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%28226,226,239,0.75%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") !important;
 }
 
+/* ── Map container ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+#map-container {
+	height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-h));
+	width: 100%;
+	background: var(--bg);
+	position: relative;
+}
+
+/* ── Metric pill bar ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+#gbar {
+	position: fixed;
+	bottom: 28px;
+	left: 50%;
+	transform: translateX(-50%);
+	display: flex !important;
+	align-items: center;
+	gap: 3px;
+	padding: 5px;
+	background: rgba(19, 19, 30, 0.94);
+	backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
+	-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
+	border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
+	box-shadow: var(--shadow), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
+	z-index: 500;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+	/* allow horizontal scroll on very small screens */
+	max-width: calc(100vw - 32px);
+	overflow-x: auto;
+	scrollbar-width: none;
+}
+
+#gbar::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
+
+.metric-btn {
+	padding: 7px 18px;
+	border: none;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
+	background: transparent;
+	color: var(--text-muted);
+	font-family: inherit;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	letter-spacing: 0.025em;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.metric-btn:hover {
+	background: var(--surface-3);
+	color: var(--text-soft);
+}
+
+.metric-btn.active-metric {
+	background: var(--accent);
+	color: #000;
+	font-weight: 600;
+}
+
+/* ── Tooltip ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.map-tooltip {
+	position: fixed;
+	background: rgba(13, 13, 20, 0.96);
+	color: var(--text);
+	padding: 9px 14px;
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
+	border-radius: var(--radius);
+	pointer-events: none;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	font-family: 'Inter', system-ui, sans-serif;
+	opacity: 0;
+	transition: opacity 0.1s;
+	z-index: 9999;
+	box-shadow: var(--shadow);
+}
+
+/* ── Modals ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 .modal-content {
-	border: 1px solid #fff;
+	background: rgba(13, 13, 20, 0.98) !important;
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2) !important;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-lg) !important;
+	overflow: hidden;
+	box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
+	color: var(--text);
+	backdrop-filter: blur(24px);
+	-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(24px);
 }
 
 .modal-header {
-	background-color: #24ab48;
-	border-bottom: #000;
-	color: white;
+	background: transparent !important;
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border) !important;
+	padding: 20px 24px;
+}
+
+.modal-title {
+	font-size: 15px !important;
+	font-weight: 600;
+	color: var(--text) !important;
+	letter-spacing: 0.01em;
+}
+
+/* Country modal — accent title */
+#country-modal-title {
+	color: var(--accent) !important;
+}
+
+.modal-body {
+	background: transparent !important;
+	padding: 24px !important;
+	color: var(--text);
 }
 
-.modal-body,
 .modal-footer {
-	background-color: #000;
-	color: #ffffff;
+	background: transparent !important;
+	border-top: 1px solid var(--border) !important;
+	padding: 16px 24px !important;
+	gap: 8px;
 }
 
-.alert {
-	background-color: rgb(66, 133, 244);
-	background-color: rgba(66, 133, 244, 0.5);
-	color: #ffffff;
-	margin: 1.5rem auto;
-	width: 90%;
+/* Modal body typography */
+.modal-body p {
+	margin-bottom: 14px;
+	font-size: 14px;
+	line-height: 1.7;
 }
 
-#gradientbtn {
-	background-color: #9966ff;
-	color: #ffffff;
+.modal-body p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
+
+.modal-body p b {
+	color: var(--text-soft);
+	font-weight: 500;
+	margin-right: 4px;
 }
 
-#totPop,
-#perCapita,
-#women,
-#juveniles,
-#occupancy {
-	background-color: #9966ff;
-	color: #ffffff;
-	margin: 5px;
-	padding: 10px;
+.modal-body hr {
+	border: none;
+	border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
+	margin: 20px 0;
+}
+
+/* ── Modal buttons ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.btn-modal-primary {
+	padding: 9px 20px;
+	background: var(--accent);
+	color: #000;
+	border: none;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	font-family: inherit;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 600;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	transition: opacity 0.15s;
+}
+
+.btn-modal-primary:hover { opacity: 0.85; }
+
+.btn-modal-ghost {
+	padding: 9px 20px;
+	background: transparent;
+	color: var(--text-soft);
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	font-family: inherit;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
+}
+
+.btn-modal-ghost:hover {
+	background: var(--surface-2);
+	color: var(--text);
+}
+
+.btn-modal-link {
+	padding: 9px 20px;
+	background: transparent;
+	color: var(--accent);
+	border: none;
+	border-radius: var(--radius-sm) !important;
+	font-family: inherit;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	cursor: pointer;
+	text-decoration: none;
+	display: inline-flex;
+	align-items: center;
+}
+
+/* ── Alert ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.alert-danger {
+	background: var(--danger-dim) !important;
+	border: 1px solid rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.25) !important;
+	border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
+	color: #fca5a5 !important;
+	padding: 12px 16px;
+	margin-bottom: 16px;
+	font-size: 13px;
 }
 
+.text-danger { color: var(--danger) !important; }
+
+/* ── Selects ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 select {
-	-webkit-appearance: none;
-	-moz-appearance: none;
 	appearance: none;
-	background: url(../images/down-arrow.png) no-repeat #24ab48;
-	background-color: #000;
-	background-position: 95%;
-	border: 1px solid #24ab48;
-	border-radius: 0;
-	color: white;
+	-webkit-appearance: none;
+	background-color: var(--surface-2);
+	background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' stroke='%235e5e78' stroke-width='1.5' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round' d='M1 1l4 4 4-4'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+	background-repeat: no-repeat;
+	background-position: right 12px center;
+	border: 1px solid var(--border-2);
+	border-radius: var(--radius);
+	color: var(--text);
 	cursor: pointer;
-	font-size: 16px;
-	overflow: hidden;
-	padding: 0.5rem;
+	font-family: inherit;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	padding: 10px 36px 10px 12px;
 	width: 100%;
+	transition: border-color 0.15s;
 }
 
-select::-ms-expand {
-	display: none;
+select:focus {
+	outline: none;
+	border-color: var(--accent);
+	box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-dim);
 }
 
+select option { background: var(--surface); }
+
+/* ── Table ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 .table {
-	color: #ddd;
+	color: var(--text);
+	border-collapse: collapse;
+	width: 100%;
+	font-size: 13px;
 }
 
-th {
-	color: #fff;
-	font-size: 16px;
+.table th {
+	color: var(--text-muted);
+	font-size: 11px;
+	font-weight: 600;
+	text-transform: uppercase;
+	letter-spacing: 0.07em;
+	padding: 0 12px 10px;
+	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-2);
 }
 
-#map-container {
-	height: calc(100vh - 56px);
-	width: 100%;
-	background: #161616;
+.table td {
+	padding: 12px;
+	border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
+	vertical-align: top;
+	line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
-.map-tooltip {
-	position: absolute;
-	background: #1a1a1a;
-	color: #fff;
-	padding: 8px 12px;
-	border: 1px solid #24ab48;
-	border-radius: 0;
-	pointer-events: none;
-	font-size: 13px;
-	opacity: 0;
-	transition: opacity 0.1s;
-	z-index: 9999;
+.table td:first-child {
+	color: var(--text-soft);
+	font-size: 12px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+	padding-right: 20px;
 }
 
-/* chart containers inside graph modal */
+.table tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
+
+/* ── Chart containers ────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
 #myChart2,
 #myNextChart {
-	min-height: 300px;
-	background: #000;
-}
-
-/* active metric button highlight */
-.active-metric {
-	outline: 2px solid #fff;
+	min-height: 340px;
+	background: transparent;
 }
 
-/* D3 axis lines */
+/* D3 chart axis styling */
 #myChart2 .domain,
 #myNextChart .domain,
 #myChart2 .tick line,
 #myNextChart .tick line {
-	stroke: #555;
+	stroke: var(--border-2);
+}
+
+/* ── Info modal reference links ──────────────────────────────────────── */
+.modal-body .ref-btn {
+	display: block;
+	padding: 10px 16px;
+	background: var(--surface-2);
+	border: 1px solid var(--border);
+	border-radius: var(--radius);
+	color: var(--text-soft);
+	font-size: 13px;
+	font-weight: 500;
+	text-align: center;
+	transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
+}
+
+.modal-body .ref-btn:hover {
+	background: var(--surface-3);
+	border-color: var(--border-2);
+	color: var(--text);
 }
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 1c49d94..0f9933f 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -24,17 +24,23 @@
 		<link rel="manifest" href="./assets/images/icons/manifest.json" />
 		<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff" />
 		<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="./assets/images/icons/ms-icon-144x144.png" />
-		<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />
+		<meta name="theme-color" content="#0d0d14" />
+
+		<!-- Fonts -->
+		<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" />
+		<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin />
+		<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" />
+
 		<link rel="stylesheet" href="./assets/css/bootstrap-5.0.0.min.css" />
-		<link rel="stylesheet" href="./assets/css/fontawesome-5.1.10.min.css" />
 		<link rel="stylesheet" href="./assets/css/app.css" />
 	</head>
 
 	<body>
-		<!-- navbar -->
-		<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark">
+		<!-- ── Navbar ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
+		<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg">
 			<div class="container-fluid">
-				<a class="navbar-brand mx-2" href="./">World Incarceration</a>
+				<a class="navbar-brand" href="./">World Incarceration</a>
+
 				<button
 					class="navbar-toggler"
 					type="button"
@@ -46,53 +52,41 @@
 				>
 					<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
 				</button>
+
 				<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
 					<ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto me-0 mb-2 mb-lg-0">
 
 						<!-- settings dropdown -->
 						<li class="nav-item dropdown">
 							<button
-								class="btn btn-warning"
+								class="nav-icon-btn"
 								data-bs-toggle="dropdown"
 								aria-expanded="false"
+								title="Settings"
 							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
-									<path id="settings-icon" d="M24 14.187v-4.374c-2.148-.766-2.726-.802-3.027-1.529-.303-.729.083-1.169 1.059-3.223l-3.093-3.093c-2.026.963-2.488 1.364-3.224 1.059-.727-.302-.768-.889-1.527-3.027h-4.375c-.764 2.144-.8 2.725-1.529 3.027-.752.313-1.203-.1-3.223-1.059l-3.093 3.093c.977 2.055 1.362 2.493 1.059 3.224-.302.727-.881.764-3.027 1.528v4.375c2.139.76 2.725.8 3.027 1.528.304.734-.081 1.167-1.059 3.223l3.093 3.093c1.999-.95 2.47-1.373 3.223-1.059.728.302.764.88 1.529 3.027h4.374c.758-2.131.799-2.723 1.537-3.031.745-.308 1.186.099 3.215 1.062l3.093-3.093c-.975-2.05-1.362-2.492-1.059-3.223.3-.726.88-.763 3.027-1.528zm-4.875.764c-.577 1.394-.068 2.458.488 3.578l-1.084 1.084c-1.093-.543-2.161-1.076-3.573-.49-1.396.581-1.79 1.693-2.188 2.877h-1.534c-.398-1.185-.791-2.297-2.183-2.875-1.419-.588-2.507-.045-3.579.488l-1.083-1.084c.557-1.118 1.066-2.18.487-3.58-.579-1.391-1.691-1.784-2.876-2.182v-1.533c1.185-.398 2.297-.791 2.875-2.184.578-1.394.068-2.459-.488-3.579l1.084-1.084c1.082.538 2.162 1.077 3.58.488 1.392-.577 1.785-1.69 2.183-2.875h1.534c.398 1.185.792 2.297 2.184 2.875 1.419.588 2.506.045 3.579-.488l1.084 1.084c-.556 1.121-1.065 2.187-.488 3.58.577 1.391 1.689 1.784 2.875 2.183v1.534c-1.188.398-2.302.791-2.877 2.183zm-7.125-5.951c1.654 0 3 1.346 3 3s-1.346 3-3 3-3-1.346-3-3 1.346-3 3-3zm0-2c-2.762 0-5 2.238-5 5s2.238 5 5 5 5-2.238 5-5-2.238-5-5-5z"/>
+								<!-- gear icon -->
+								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
+									<path d="M24 14.187v-4.374c-2.148-.766-2.726-.802-3.027-1.529-.303-.729.083-1.169 1.059-3.223l-3.093-3.093c-2.026.963-2.488 1.364-3.224 1.059-.727-.302-.768-.889-1.527-3.027h-4.375c-.764 2.144-.8 2.725-1.529 3.027-.752.313-1.203-.1-3.223-1.059l-3.093 3.093c.977 2.055 1.362 2.493 1.059 3.224-.302.727-.881.764-3.027 1.528v4.375c2.139.76 2.725.8 3.027 1.528.304.734-.081 1.167-1.059 3.223l3.093 3.093c1.999-.95 2.47-1.373 3.223-1.059.728.302.764.88 1.529 3.027h4.374c.758-2.131.799-2.723 1.537-3.031.745-.308 1.186.099 3.215 1.062l3.093-3.093c-.975-2.05-1.362-2.492-1.059-3.223.3-.726.88-.763 3.027-1.528zm-4.875.764c-.577 1.394-.068 2.458.488 3.578l-1.084 1.084c-1.093-.543-2.161-1.076-3.573-.49-1.396.581-1.79 1.693-2.188 2.877h-1.534c-.398-1.185-.791-2.297-2.183-2.875-1.419-.588-2.507-.045-3.579.488l-1.083-1.084c.557-1.118 1.066-2.18.487-3.58-.579-1.391-1.691-1.784-2.876-2.182v-1.533c1.185-.398 2.297-.791 2.875-2.184.578-1.394.068-2.459-.488-3.579l1.084-1.084c1.082.538 2.162 1.077 3.58.488 1.392-.577 1.785-1.69 2.183-2.875h1.534c.398 1.185.792 2.297 2.184 2.875 1.419.588 2.506.045 3.579-.488l1.084 1.084c-.556 1.121-1.065 2.187-.488 3.58.577 1.391 1.689 1.784 2.875 2.183v1.534c-1.188.398-2.302.791-2.877 2.183zm-7.125-5.951c1.654 0 3 1.346 3 3s-1.346 3-3 3-3-1.346-3-3 1.346-3 3-3zm0-2c-2.762 0-5 2.238-5 5s2.238 5 5 5 5-2.238 5-5-2.238-5-5-5z"/>
 								</svg>
 							</button>
-							<div class="dropdown-menu">
-								<a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-action="labels">Labels</a>
+							<div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end">
+								<a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-action="labels">Toggle Labels</a>
 								<a class="dropdown-item" href="#" data-action="reset">Reset Map</a>
 							</div>
 						</li>
 
-						<!-- gradient toggle -->
-						<li class="nav-item">
-							<button
-								id="gradientbtn"
-								type="button"
-								class="btn selected"
-								data-bs-toggle="collapse"
-								data-bs-target="#gbar"
-								title="Gradient Maps"
-							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
-									<path d="M13.144 8.171c-.035-.066.342-.102.409-.102.074.009-.196.452-.409.102zm-2.152-3.072l.108-.031c.064.055-.072.095-.051.136.086.155.021.248.008.332-.014.085-.104.048-.149.093-.053.066.258.075.262.085.011.033-.375.089-.304.171.096.136.824-.195.708-.176.225-.113.029-.125-.097-.19-.043-.215-.079-.547-.213-.68l.088-.102c-.206-.299-.36.362-.36.362zm13.008 6.901c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12-6.628 0-12-5.373-12-12s5.372-12 12-12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12zm-8.31-5.371c-.006-.146-.19-.284-.382-.031-.135.174-.111.439-.184.557-.104.175.567.339.567.174.025-.277.732-.063.87-.025.248.069.643-.226.211-.381-.355-.13-.542-.269-.574-.523 0 0 .188-.176.106-.166-.218.027-.614.786-.614.395zm6.296 5.371c0-1.035-.177-2.08-.357-2.632-.058-.174-.189-.312-.359-.378-.256-.1-1.337.597-1.5.254-.107-.229-.324.146-.572.008-.12-.066-.454-.515-.605-.46-.309.111.474.964.688 1.076.201-.152.852-.465.992-.038.268.804-.737 1.685-1.251 2.149-.768.694-.624-.449-1.147-.852-.275-.211-.272-.66-.55-.815-.124-.07-.693-.725-.688-.813l-.017.166c-.094.071-.294-.268-.315-.321 0 .295.48.765.639 1.001.271.405.416.995.748 1.326.178.178.858.914 1.035.898.193-.017.803-.458.911-.433.644.152-1.516 3.205-1.721 3.583-.169.317.138 1.101.113 1.476-.029.433-.37.573-.693.809-.346.253-.265.745-.556.925-.517.318-.889 1.353-1.623 1.348-.216-.001-1.14.36-1.261.007-.094-.256-.22-.45-.353-.703-.13-.248-.015-.505-.173-.724-.109-.152-.475-.497-.508-.677-.002-.155.117-.626.28-.708.229-.117.044-.458.016-.656-.048-.354-.267-.646-.53-.851-.389-.299-.188-.537-.097-.964 0-.204-.124-.472-.398-.392-.564.164-.393-.44-.804-.413-.296.021-.538.209-.813.292-.346.104-.7-.082-1.042-.125-1.407-.178-1.866-1.786-1.499-2.946.037-.19-.114-.542-.048-.689.158-.352.48-.747.762-1.014.158-.15.361-.112.547-.229.287-.181.291-.553.572-.781.4-.325.946-.318 1.468-.388.278-.037 1.336-.266 1.503-.06 0 .038.191.604-.019.572.433.023 1.05.749 1.461.579.211-.088.134-.736.567-.423.262.188 1.436.272 1.68.069.15-.124.234-.93.052-1.021.116.115-.611.124-.679.098-.12-.044-.232.114-.425.025.116.055-.646-.354-.218-.667-.179.131-.346-.037-.539.107-.133.108.062.18-.128.274-.302.153-.53-.525-.644-.602-.116-.076-1.014-.706-.77-.295l.789.785c-.039.025-.207-.286-.207-.059.053-.135.02.579-.104.347-.055-.089.09-.139.006-.268 0-.085-.228-.168-.272-.226-.125-.155-.457-.497-.637-.579-.05-.023-.764.087-.824.11-.07.098-.13.201-.179.311-.148.055-.287.126-.419.214l-.157.353c-.068.061-.765.291-.769.3.029-.075-.487-.171-.453-.321.038-.165.213-.68.168-.868-.048-.197 1.074.284 1.146-.235.029-.225.046-.487-.313-.525.068.008.695-.246.799-.36.146-.168.481-.442.724-.442.284 0 .223-.413.354-.615.131.053-.07.376.087.507-.01-.103.445.057.489.033.104-.054.684-.022.594-.294-.1-.277.051-.195.181-.253-.022.009.34-.619.402-.413-.043-.212-.421.074-.553.063-.305-.024-.176-.52-.061-.665.089-.115-.243-.256-.247-.036-.006.329-.312.627-.241 1.064.108.659-.735-.159-.809-.114-.28.17-.509-.214-.364-.444.148-.235.505-.224.652-.476.104-.178.225-.385.385-.52.535-.449.683-.09 1.216-.041.521.048.176.124.104.324-.069.19.286.258.409.099.07-.092.229-.323.298-.494.089-.222.901-.197.334-.536-.374-.223-2.004-.672-3.096-.672-.236 0-.401.263-.581.412-.356.295-1.268.874-1.775.698-.519-.179-1.63.66-1.808.666-.065.004.004-.634.358-.681-.153.023 1.247-.707 1.209-.859-.046-.18-2.799.822-2.676 1.023.059.092.299.092-.016.294-.18.109-.372.801-.541.801-.505.221-.537-.435-1.099.409l-.894.36c-1.328 1.411-2.247 3.198-2.58 5.183-.013.079.334.226.379.28.112.134.112.712.167.901.138.478.479.744.74 1.179.154.259.41.914.329 1.186.108-.178 1.07.815 1.246 1.022.414.487.733 1.077.061 1.559-.217.156.33 1.129.048 1.368l-.361.093c-.356.219-.195.756.021.982 1.818 1.901 4.38 3.087 7.22 3.087 5.517 0 9.989-4.472 9.989-9.989zm-11.507-6.357c.125-.055.293-.053.311-.22.015-.148.044-.046.08-.1.035-.053-.067-.138-.11-.146-.064-.014-.108.069-.149.104l-.072.019-.068.087.008.048-.087.106c-.085.084.002.139.087.102z"/>
-								</svg>
-							</button>
-						</li>
-
 						<!-- compare -->
 						<li class="nav-item">
 							<button
 								id="comparebtn"
 								type="button"
-								class="btn btn-success text-white"
+								class="nav-icon-btn"
 								data-bs-toggle="modal"
 								data-bs-target="#compareModal"
-								title="Compare"
+								title="Compare Countries"
 							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
+								<!-- compare arrows icon -->
+								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
 									<path d="M6 11v-4l-6 5 6 5v-4h12v4l6-5-6-5v4z"/>
 								</svg>
 							</button>
@@ -103,12 +97,13 @@
 							<button
 								id="graphsbtn"
 								type="button"
-								class="btn btn-secondary text-dark"
+								class="nav-icon-btn"
 								data-bs-toggle="modal"
 								data-bs-target="#graphModal"
-								title="Graphs"
+								title="Charts"
 							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
+								<!-- pie/chart icon -->
+								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
 									<path d="M13.012 5.007v-1.668l2.802-2.771c.409.136.809.293 1.197.471l-3.999 3.968zm7.089-1.93l-7.089 7.058v.853h.877l7.044-7.076c-.263-.292-.541-.57-.832-.835zm-7.089-1.468l1.437-1.406c-.46-.094-.96-.163-1.437-.203v1.609zm10.789 7.962l-1.386 1.417h1.585c-.04-.47-.106-.964-.199-1.417zm-.363-1.366c-.135-.41-.292-.81-.469-1.199l-3.951 3.982h1.668l2.752-2.783zm-1.063-2.337c-.205-.346-.426-.682-.664-1.004l-6.093 6.124h1.668l5.089-5.12zm-3.225-3.57c-.322-.238-.657-.459-1.003-.665l-5.135 5.104v1.668l6.138-6.107zm-8.15 10.702v-13c-6.161.519-11 5.683-11 11.978 0 6.639 5.382 12.022 12.021 12.022 6.296 0 11.46-4.839 11.979-11h-13z"/>
 								</svg>
 							</button>
@@ -119,12 +114,13 @@
 							<button
 								id="infobtn"
 								type="button"
-								class="btn btn-primary text-white"
+								class="nav-icon-btn"
 								data-bs-toggle="modal"
 								data-bs-target="#infoModal"
 								title="Information"
 							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
+								<!-- info circle icon -->
+								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
 									<path d="M13.25 7c0 .69-.56 1.25-1.25 1.25s-1.25-.56-1.25-1.25.56-1.25 1.25-1.25 1.25.56 1.25 1.25zm10.75 5c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12s-12-5.373-12-12 5.373-12 12-12 12 5.373 12 12zm-2 0c0-5.514-4.486-10-10-10s-10 4.486-10 10 4.486 10 10 10 10-4.486 10-10zm-13-2v2h2v6h2v-8h-4z"/>
 								</svg>
 							</button>
@@ -135,12 +131,13 @@
 							<button
 								id="alertbtn"
 								type="button"
-								class="btn btn-danger text-white"
+								class="nav-icon-btn"
 								data-bs-toggle="modal"
 								data-bs-target="#alertModal"
 								title="Precautions"
 							>
-								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
+								<!-- warning triangle icon -->
+								<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor">
 									<path d="M12 5.177l8.631 15.823h-17.262l8.631-15.823zm0-4.177l-12 22h24l-12-22zm-1 9h2v6h-2v-6zm1 9.75c-.689 0-1.25-.56-1.25-1.25s.561-1.25 1.25-1.25 1.25.56 1.25 1.25-.561 1.25-1.25 1.25z"/>
 								</svg>
 							</button>
@@ -151,44 +148,51 @@
 			</div>
 		</nav>
 
-		<!-- gradient bar menu -->
-		<nav id="gbar" class="collapse-navbar collapse">
-			<div class="d-flex flex-row-reverse">
-				<button id="totPop"    type="button" class="btn" title="Total Prison Populations">Total Prison Population</button>
-				<button id="perCapita" type="button" class="btn" title="Prisoners Per Capita">Prisoners Per Capita</button>
-				<button id="women"     type="button" class="btn" title="Percent Women Imprisoned">Percent Women Imprisoned</button>
-				<button id="juveniles" type="button" class="btn" title="Percent Juveniles Imprisoned">Percent Juveniles Imprisoned</button>
-				<button id="occupancy" type="button" class="btn" title="Prison Occupancy Level">Prison Occupancy Level</button>
-			</div>
-		</nav>
+		<!-- ── Map ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
+		<div id="map-container"></div>
 
-		<!-- ── MODALS ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
+		<!-- ── Metric pill bar ─────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
+		<div id="gbar">
+			<button id="totPop"    type="button" class="metric-btn active-metric" title="Total Prison Populations">Total Population</button>
+			<button id="perCapita" type="button" class="metric-btn" title="Prisoners Per Capita">Per Capita</button>
+			<button id="women"     type="button" class="metric-btn" title="Percent Women Imprisoned">% Women</button>
+			<button id="juveniles" type="button" class="metric-btn" title="Percent Juveniles Imprisoned">% Juveniles</button>
+			<button id="occupancy" type="button" class="metric-btn" title="Prison Occupancy Level">Occupancy</button>
+		</div>
+
+		<!-- ── MODALS ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
 
 		<!-- country detail modal (populated by modal.js) -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="countryModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="countryModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog">
 				<div class="modal-content">
 					<div class="modal-header">
-						<h4 class="modal-title" id="country-modal-title"></h4>
+						<h5 class="modal-title" id="country-modal-title"></h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body" id="country-modal-body"></div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
 		<!-- compare: country selection -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="compareModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="compareModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
 				<div class="modal-content">
-					<div class="modal-header" style="background-color:#24ab48;">
-						<h4 class="modal-title">Country Comparison</h4>
+					<div class="modal-header">
+						<h5 class="modal-title">Country Comparison</h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body">
 						<div id="compare-alert"></div>
-						<div class="row">
+						<div class="row g-3">
 							<div class="col-md-6">
 								<select id="compare-select-1"></select>
 							</div>
@@ -198,19 +202,22 @@
 						</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-success" id="compare-go-btn">Compare!</button>
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Cancel</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-primary" id="compare-go-btn">Compare</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
 		<!-- compare: side-by-side result -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="compareResultModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="compareResultModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
 				<div class="modal-content">
-					<div class="modal-header" style="background-color:#24ab48;">
-						<h4 class="modal-title">Side-By-Side Comparison</h4>
+					<div class="modal-header">
+						<h5 class="modal-title">Side-by-Side Comparison</h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body">
 						<table class="table">
@@ -225,81 +232,88 @@
 						</table>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-success" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
 		<!-- information modal -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="infoModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="infoModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
 				<div class="modal-content">
-					<div class="modal-header bg-primary">
-						<h4 class="modal-title">Information</h4>
+					<div class="modal-header">
+						<h5 class="modal-title">Information</h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body">
-						<p>Hover over any country to view its name and click to see its statistics!</p>
-						<p>To reset the map, please click the <b>Reset Map</b> button.</p>
-						<p>If you'd like to compare two countries' statistics, please use the <b>Compare</b> button.</p>
-						<p>In the <b>Graphs</b> modal, click any pie slice to see that country's incarceration metrics. Click <b>← Back</b> to return to the pie chart.</p>
+						<p>Hover over any country to view its name and click to see its statistics.</p>
+						<p>Use the <b>Settings</b> menu to toggle country labels or reset the map view.</p>
+						<p>To compare two countries, click the <b>Compare</b> button in the navbar.</p>
+						<p>In the <b>Charts</b> modal, click any pie slice to drill into that country's incarceration metrics. Click <b>← Back</b> to return.</p>
 						<hr />
-						<p><b>References:</b></p>
-						<div class="row">
+						<p><b>References</b></p>
+						<div class="row g-2">
 							<div class="col-sm-6">
-								<a class="btn btn-primary w-100" href="http://www.prisonstudies.org" target="_blank">World Prison Brief</a>
+								<a class="ref-btn" href="http://www.prisonstudies.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">World Prison Brief</a>
 							</div>
 							<div class="col-sm-6">
-								<a class="btn btn-primary w-100" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_system_of_government" target="_blank">Wikipedia</a>
+								<a class="ref-btn" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_system_of_government" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wikipedia — Governments</a>
 							</div>
 						</div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
 		<!-- alert / precautions modal -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="alertModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="alertModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
 				<div class="modal-content">
-					<div class="modal-header bg-danger">
-						<h4 class="modal-title">Precautions</h4>
+					<div class="modal-header">
+						<h5 class="modal-title">Precautions</h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body">
-						<p>If any part of this site is inaccurate or confusing, <a class="text-danger" href="#">send me an email</a>!</p>
+						<p>Data is sourced from the <a class="btn-modal-link p-0" href="http://www.prisonstudies.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">World Prison Brief</a> and may not reflect the most current figures. Always consult primary sources for research purposes.</p>
+						<p>If any part of this site is inaccurate or confusing, please reach out.</p>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
 		<!-- graph modal -->
-		<div class="modal fade" id="graphModal" role="dialog">
+		<div class="modal fade" id="graphModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
 			<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
 				<div class="modal-content">
-					<div class="modal-header bg-secondary text-dark">
-						<h4 class="modal-title">Top Five Prison Populations</h4>
+					<div class="modal-header">
+						<h5 class="modal-title">Top 5 by Current Metric</h5>
+						<button type="button" class="nav-icon-btn ms-auto" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
+							<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M23.954 21.03l-9.184-9.095 9.092-9.174-2.832-2.807-9.09 9.179-9.176-9.088-2.81 2.81 9.186 9.105-9.1 9.179 2.81 2.81 9.074-9.185 9.19 9.075z"/></svg>
+						</button>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-body">
 						<div id="myChart2"></div>
 						<div id="myNextChart" style="display:none;"></div>
 					</div>
 					<div class="modal-footer">
-						<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
+						<button type="button" class="btn-modal-ghost" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
 					</div>
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		</div>
 
-		<!-- map area -->
-		<div id="map-container"></div>
-
-		<!-- js -->
+		<!-- ── Scripts ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
 		<script src="./assets/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
 		<script type="module" src="./assets/js/app.js"></script>
 	</body>